1. Immediate Ceasefire and Release of Hostages

Central to the plan is a call for an immediate ceasefire. Hamas would be required to release all the hostages it still holds within 72 hours. To Israel, this was an absolute condition, and to Trump, it provided him with an argument that the plan is not merely about humanitarian relief, but also about Israeli security.

2. Gradual Israeli Withdrawal from Gaza

The proposal has Israel slowly withdrawing its military presence, but with assurances. It is linked to Hamas disarming and security being reorganized under an international umbrella. This is how Trump attempts to reassure Israel that Gaza will never again become a launching pad for attacks.

3. Demilitarization of Hamas

Hamas would be required to surrender heavy weapons, destroy its tunnel system, and agree to stop using armed resistance. Critics see this as the main flaw: it requires one side to effectively disarm without any evident path toward long-term political integration.

4. A New Governance Model: The “Board of Peace”

Among the most provocative aspects is Trump’s call to establish a “Board of Peace,” led by himself. According to this vision, Gaza would temporarily be ruled by Palestinian technocrats—above-party officials with managerial backgrounds—under international monitoring. Trump proposes being the mediator-in-chief, but critics contend it could end up treating Palestinians as foreigners in their own territory.

5. Humanitarian and Reconstruction Push

The package features billions of pledged investment to rebuild Gaza’s destroyed infrastructure—roads, hospitals, schools, homes, and electricity supply. Trump outlined his vision as making Gaza the “Riviera of the Middle East,” a repeat of his previous contentious vision to redevelop the strip as a tourist and economic center. Fans refer to this as bold; critics refer to it as unrealistic unless the underlying political grievances are addressed.

6. Security Assurances for Israel

Israel would still have the right to defend itself and control Gaza’s borders under international covenants. The plan basically gives priority to Israel’s security framework first, before Palestinian statehood.

7. Pathway to Palestinian Self-Determination (Conditional)

For Palestinians, Trump’s plan leaves a very narrow window open: if Hamas agrees, if technocratic rule succeeds, and security holds firm, then talks about Palestinian autonomy might come. But many Palestinians regard this as pulling sovereignty many years into the future, with no actual promises.

Why It Matters

Trump’s 20-point plan matters because it reveals the ways in which he is attempting to redefine U.S. diplomacy in the Middle East. Unlike his predecessors, who relied on international coalitions or two-state negotiations, Trump wishes to take personal charge of the process, nearly as if peace could be “brokered like a business deal.”

• Israel’s Perspective: Netanyahu accepted it conditionally, viewing it as a means to unify Israel’s military objectives and obtain U.S. support.
• Hamas’s Predicament: Hamas has yet to acquiesce, but the ultimatum—”accept or meet a sad fate”—places them under tremendous pressure.
• International Responses: A few Arab countries greeted the ceasefire aspect but deplored the “Board of Peace” concept as subversive of Palestinian autonomy. Human rights organizations fear it seeks geopolitics over justice.

Humanized View

Fundamentally, the plan is a manifestation of Trump’s transactional style. He’s proposing a deal—peace and investment—for bowing to Israel’s security conditions. To families in Gaza suffering under bombardment, any ceasefire sounds like promise. To Israeli families concerned about rockets and hostages, the plan sounds like security.

But Middle East peace has never been so easy as writing a contract. Palestinians seek dignity, sovereignty, and liberation from occupation. Israelis seek security, acknowledgment, and a halt to terror. Trump’s initiative attempts to thread these needles—but whether it actually tackles the human suffering on both sides, or merely covers over more profound wounds, is the true test.